Analytical Chemistry 1, 5 op

Ydinsisältö

IR spectroscopy

• The theory of IR spectroscopy (vibrational modes, absorption mechanism). IR-spektroskopian teoria (molekyylin värähtelymuodot, säteilyn absorptiomekanismi)
• IR-spectrometer operational principles. Techniques and modes of measurements.
• IR-spektrometrin rakenne ja toimintaperiaate,
• näytteenkäsittelytekniikat.
• Characteristic spectra of the organic functional groups. Exercises in the spectra interpretation and structural identification of the organic compounds.
• Orgaanisten yhdisteryhmien spektrien tunnusomaiset piirteet, spektrien tulkintaharjoitukset ja yhdisteiden tunnistaminen

Mass-spectrometry

• Types of modern mass-spectrometers and their operating principles. Ionization methods.
  Nykyaikaisten massaspektrometrien tyypit ja niiden toimintaperiaatteet. Ionisaatiomenetelmät.
  Practice in MS analysis using ESI-TOF mass-spectrometer.
  MS-analyysin harjoitus käyttäen ESI-TOF massaspektrometria.

DSC and TGA

• Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
• Lectures (266 pages): Definitions and main principles behind the method and measuring technique. Instrumentational features. Applications. Interpretation of the basic dynamic and isothermal DSC-curves.
• Laboratory: How to carry out the DSC-measurements and evaluate the basic DSC-curves, starting from the switching on the two available instruments and preparing the samples, and ending with shutting the DSC-modules down.
• Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
  Lectures (18 pages): Definitions and main principles behind the method and measuring technique. Simultaneous differential thermal analysis (SDTA). Applications. Interpretation of the TGA-curves.
  Laboratory: How to carry out the TGA-measurements and evaluate the content from the weight loss curves, starting from the switching on the instrument and preparing the samples, and ending with shutting the TGA down.

Täydentävä tietämys

IR and MS

• Interpretation of simple IR and MS spectra
• Resolution and accuracy of MS-analysis. Applicability of different mass-analyzers and ionization methods.
  MS-analyysin erotuskyky ja tarkkuus. Eri massa-analysaattorien ja ionisaatiomenetelmien soveltuvuus.

DSC and TGA

• Fixed instrumental parameters and parameters tunable by the user. -Interpretation of the complicated phenomena measured with DSC. -Difference between calibration and checking of the calibration in principle. -Checking of the calibration in practise.
• Interpretation of the TGA-curves: conversion (extent of reaction).

Erityistietämys

IR and MS

• Interpretation of more complex IR and MS spectra and structure elucidation based on spectral data

DCS and TGA

• Special applications and their measurements and evaluation of the data:
• Kinetic methods and programs.
• Temperature modulated DSC (multifrequency TOPEM and single-frequency ADSC).
• Differential photocalorimetry (UV-DSC).
• (Pressure and vacuum applications.)
• Interpretation of the TGA-curves: derivative TGA.